A chemical emergency happens when a chemical or toxic substance is released and may cause adverse health effects. Chemical releases can be unintentional, as in the case of an industrial accident or spill, or intentional, as in the case of a terrorist attack.

Categories of hazardous chemicals
(defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

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Anticoagulants: Poisons that prevent the blood from clotting properly

Biotoxins: Poisons that come from plants or animals

Blister agents/ vesicant: Chemicals that severely blister the eyes and skin

Blood agents: Poisons that affect the body by being absorbed into the blood

Caustics (acids): Chemicals that burn on contact or corrode the skin, eyes, and mucus membranes

Choking agents: Chemicals that cause severe irritation or swelling of the respiratory tract and lining of the nose, throat, and lungs

Incapacitating agents: Chemicals that make it difficult to think clearly or that lead to semi-consciousness or unconsciousness

Metallic poisons: Toxic compounds made from metals like arsenic or mercury

Nerve agents: Chemicals that prevent the nervous system from functioning

Organic solvents: Chemicals that damage the skin and other tissues by dissolving fats and oils

Riot control/tear gas: Highly irritating agents normally used by law enforcement

Toxic alcohols: Poisonous alcohols that can damage the heart, kidneys, nervous system, such as methanol (wood alcohol) or ethylene glycol (antifreeze)

Vomiting agents: Chemicals that cause nausea and vomiting

Follow this link for information on specific chemicals

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For questions regarding OEHHA's Emergency Response Program please contact Shelley DuTeaux

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